What is Network Topology?

The physical configuration of a network that determines how the network's computers are connected. Common configurations include the bus topology, mesh topology, ring topology, star topology, tree topology. See each of these topology definitions for additional information and visual examples.



2.Example Network Topology,their definition and post example of picture.

Tree Topology

>Also known as a star bus topology, tree topology is one of the most common types of network setups that is similar to a bus topology and a star topology. A tree topology connects multiple star networks to other star networks. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using
the star topology


Ring topology

>Also known as a ring network, the ring topology is a type of computer network configuration where each network computer and device are connected to each other forming a large circle (or similar shape). Each packet is sent around the ring until it reaches its final destination. Today, the ring topology is seldom used. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using a ring topology.


Star topology

>Also known as a star network, a star topology is one of the most common network setups where each of the devices and computers on a network connect to a central hub. A major disadvantage of this type of network topology is that if the central hub fails, all computers connected to that hub would be disconnected. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using the star topology.


Bus topology

>A type of network setup where each of the computers and network devices are connected to a single cable or backbone. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using the bus topology.


Mesh Topology

A type of network setup where each of the computers and network devices are interconnected with one another, allowing for most transmissions to be distributed, even if one of the connections go down. This type of topology is not commonly used for most computer networks as it is difficult and expensive to have redundant connection to every computer. However, this type of topology is commonly used for wireless networks. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using a mesh topology.

3. What is OSI layer?

Short for Open System Interconnection, OSI is a network model developed by ISO in 1978 where peer-to-peer communications are divided into seven layers. Each layer performs a specific task or tasks, and builds upon the preceding layer until the communications are complete. Below are the purposes of each of the seven layers.

4. Example of OSI layer,their definition in order

1. Physical layer - responsible for the electrical, mechanical and timing across the link.

2. Data link layer (also known as the link layer) - responsible for transmitting data across a link.

3. Network layer - responsible for routing information through the network and allowing systems to communicate.

4 .Transport layer - responsible for transferring information between endpoints on the network and deals with errors such as lost or duplicate packets.

5. Session layer - responsible for managing a session between two applications.

6. Presentation layer - responsible for the data formatting and display, allowing for compatibility.

7.Application layer - responsible for user interaction. An example of an OSI application is the FTAM.